CHOICE HOTELS INTERNATIONAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

12. Income Taxes

Income before income taxes was derived from the following:

  Years Ended December 31,
  2004     2003     2002
  (In thousands)
Income before income taxes:
   Domestic operations    $ 109,424         $ 108,760         $ 93,418     
   Foreign operations   5,100     3,647     2,400  
Income before income taxes $ 114,524   $ 112,407   $ 95,818  

The provisions for income taxes were as follows:

  Years Ended December 31,
  2004     2003     2002
  (In thousands)
Current tax expense
   Federal    $ 52,334         $ 44,040         $ 21,374     
   State   4,288     3,979     631  
   Foreign   (315 )    758     661  
Deferred tax (benefit) expense
   Federal   (15,308 )    (7,306   11,297  
   State   (794 )    (942   1,012  
   Foreign   (26 )    15     (1
Income taxes $ 40,179   $ 40,544   $ 34,974  

Deferred tax assets (liabilities) were comprised of the following:

  December 31,
  2004     2003
  (In thousands)
Depreciation and amortization $ (12,543 )  $ (16,554
Prepaid expenses   (7,327 )    (11,478
Foreign Operations   (57 )     
Other   (2,871 )    (5,510
Gross deferred tax liabilities   (22,798 )    (33,542
Foreign operations       2,553  
Accrued expenses   9,277     7,894  
Accrued compensation   7,338     1,982  
Other   1,461     1,508  
Gross deferred tax assets   18,076     13,937  
Net deferred tax liability    $ (4,722 )       $ (19,605 )