For The Years Ended December 31, 1997, 1996 and 1995
 
Note 17. Stock Based Compensation
 

Stock Options and Awards. Effective with the merger, each share of PanEnergy common stock outstanding immediately prior to the merger was converted into the right to receive 1.0444 shares of the Corporation’s common stock. Each option to purchase PanEnergy common stock that was outstanding prior to the merger was assumed by the Corporation and became exercisable upon the same terms as under the applicable PanEnergy stock option plan and option agreement, except that such options became an option to purchase shares of the Corporation’s common stock, appropriately adjusted. Each award of restricted shares of PanEnergy common stock outstanding and not vest-ed prior to the merger was assumed by the Corporation and such restricted shares of PanEnergy common stock were exchanged for restricted shares of the Corporation’s common stock.

Under the Corporation’s 1996 Stock Incentive Plan, stock options and awards for up to two million shares of common stock may be granted to key employees. Under the plan, the exercise price of each option granted equals the market price of the Corporation’s common stock on the date of grant. Vesting periods range from one to five years with a maximum exercise term of 10 years.

In 1997, the Corporation granted 115,615 shares of performance-based stock awards and 1,000 fixed stock awards with an average grant date fair value of $44 per share. The Corporation recognized compensation expense of $4.4 million in 1997, $8.3 million in 1996 and none in 1995 for such stock awards.

A summary of the Corporation’s stock option grants follows:

 
 
Options
(000's)
Average
Exercise Price

Outstanding at December 31, 1994 3,737 $16
  Granted 959 20
  Exercised ( 1,075 ) 13
  Forfeited ( 62 ) 22

Outstanding at December 31, 1995 3,559 18
  Granted 498 28
  Exercised ( 712 ) 16
  Forfeited ( 71 ) 22

Outstanding at December 31, 1996 3,274 20
  Granted 388 44
  Exercised ( 873 ) 19
  Forfeited ( 60 ) 27

Outstanding at December 31, 1997 2,729 $24

 
 

The Corporation had 2.2 million options and 2.4 million options exercisable at December 31, 1996 and 1995, with average exercise prices of $19 and $16 per option, respectively. Details of stock options outstanding and options exercisable at December 31, 1997 follows:

 
 
Outstanding Exercisable

Range of
Exercise
Prices
Number
(000's)
Average
Remaining
Life (Years)
Average
Exercise
Price
Number
(000's)
Average
Exercise
Price

$10 to $14 193 3.5 $11 193 $11
$15 to $20 966 5.8 18 966 18
$21 to $25 808 5.6 22 808 22
$26 to $31 396 8.1 28 396 28
$41 to $50 366 9.1 44 14 42
 
    Total 2,729 2,377 $21

 
 

Fair Value Information. The weighted-average fair value of options granted was $10, $9, and $7 per option during 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. The fair value of each option grant was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions used for 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively: stock dividend yield of 3.5%, 2.6% and 2.6%; expected stock price volatility of 20.7%, 26% and 26%; risk-free interest rates of 6.5%, 5.7% and 7.7%; and expected option lives of seven years. Had compensation expense for stock-based compensation been determined based on the fair value at the grant dates, the Corporation’s 1997 net income would have been $971.4 million, or $2.50 per share; 1996 net income would have been $1,073.7 million, or $2.85 per share; and 1995 net income would have been $1,016.9 million, or $2.68 per share.

 
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