21. MARKETABLE SECURITIES During the last three years, we sold substantially all of our investments in marketable securities. These securities were classified as available-for-sale. Realized gains and losses are included in earnings and were derived using the specific identification method. The following table summarizes our marketable security sales for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000: In February 2000, one of the paging companies we held an interest in made an announcement that significantly increased the market value of paging company securities in general. During the first quarter of 2000, we sold the remainder of these securities for a gain of $24.9 million. During 2001, we wrote down the cost basis of certain securities to their estimated fair value. The fair value of these equity securities had declined below our cost basis, and we determined that the decline was other than temporary. The amount of the write down totaled $11.1 million, of which $9.6 million related to an investment. The write down is included in other income (expense). See Note 4 for information regarding the classification of our ONEOK investment. 22. MONITORED SERVICES DISPOSITIONS In 2001, Protection One and Protection One Europe disposed of certain monitored security operations for approximately $48.0 million and we recorded a pre-tax loss of $13.1 million.		23. IMPAIRMENT CHARGES Effective January 1, 2002, we adopted SFAS No. 142 and SFAS No. 144. SFAS No. 142 establishes new standards for accounting for goodwill. SFAS No. 142 continues to require the recognition of goodwill as an asset, but discontinues amortization of goodwill. In addition, annual impairment tests must be performed using a fairvalue based approach as opposed to an undiscounted cash flow approach required under prior standards. The completion of the impairment tests, based upon a valuation performed by an independent appraisal firm, as of January 1, 2002, indicated that the carrying values of goodwill at Protection One and Protection One Europe had been impaired and impairment charges were recorded as discussed below. Another impairment test of Protection One’s goodwill and customer accounts was completed as of July 1, 2002 (the date selected for Protection One’s annual impairment test), with the independent appraisal firm providing the valuation of the estimated fair value of Protection One’s reporting units, and no impairment was indicated. Protection One’s stock price declined after regulatory orders were issued (see Note 3 ), including the KCC’s December 23, 2002, order. As a result, Protection One retained the independent appraisal firm to perform an additional valuation of Protection One’s reporting units so it could perform an impairment test as of December 31, 2002, which resulted in the additional impairment charge discussed below. SFAS No. 144 established a new approach to determining whether our customer account asset is impaired. The approach no longer permits us to evaluate our customer account asset for impairment based on the net undiscounted cash flow stream obtained over the remaining life of goodwill associated with the customer accounts being evaluated. Rather, the cash flow stream used under SFAS No. 144 is limited to future estimated undiscounted cash flows from assets in the asset group, which include customer accounts, the primary asset of the reporting unit, plus an estimated amount for the sale of the remaining assets within the asset group (including goodwill). If the undiscounted cash flow stream from the asset group is less than the combined book value of the asset group, then we are required to mark the customer account asset down to fair value, by recording an impairment, to the extent fair value is less than our book value. To the extent net book value is less than fair value, no impairment would be recorded. The new rule substantially reduces the net undiscounted cash flows for customer account impairment evaluation purposes as compared to the previous accounting rules. The undiscounted cash flow stream has been reduced from the 16 year remaining life of the goodwill to the nine year remaining life of customer accounts for impairment evaluation purposes. Using these new guidelines, we determined that there was an indication of impairment of the carrying value of the customer accounts and an impairment charge was recorded as discussed below.