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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 1     Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Becton, Dickinson and Company and its majority-owned subsidiaries ("Company") after the elimination of intercompany transactions.

Reclassifications
The Company has reclassified certain prior year information to conform with the current year presentation.

Cash Equivalents
Cash equivalents are stated at cost plus accrued interest, which approximates market. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of 90 days or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.

Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. The Company uses the last-in, first-out ("LIFO") method of determining cost for substantially all inventories in the United States. All other inventories are accounted for using the first-in, first-out ("FIFO") method.

Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are principally provided on the straight-line basis over estimated useful lives, which range from 20 to 45 years for buildings, four to 10 years for machinery and equipment and three to 20 years for leasehold improvements. Depreciation expense was $201,558, $179,411, and $168,846 in fiscal 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively.

Intangibles
The Company adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets," effective October 1, 2001, as discussed in Note 2. As a result, goodwill is no longer amortized, but instead is reviewed annually for impairment in accordance with the provisions of the Statement. Core and developed technology continues to be amortized over periods ranging from 15 to 20 years, using the straight-line method. Both goodwill and core and developed technology arise from acquisitions.
    Other intangibles with finite useful lives, which include patents, are amortized over periods principally ranging from three to 40 years, using the straight-line method. These intangibles are periodically reviewed to assess recoverability from future operations using undiscounted cash flows. To the extent carrying values exceed fair values, an impairment loss is recognized in operating results. Other intangibles also include certain trademarks that are considered to have indefinite lives, as they are expected to generate cash flows indefinitely. Therefore, in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 142, these trademarks are no longer amortized but are reviewed annually for impairment.

Capitalized Software
Capitalized software primarily represents costs associated with our enterprise-wide program to upgrade our business information systems, known internally as "Genesis". The costs associated with the Genesis program will be fully amortized by 2009, with amortization expense being primarily reported as Selling and administrative expense.

Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized on the sale of instruments in the Biosciences segment upon completion of installation at the customer's site. The Company also defers revenue recognition related to branded insulin syringe products sold to distributors in the U.S. consumer trade channel. Revenue is recognized for these sales upon the sell-through of such product from the distribution channel partner to the end customer. See Note 2 for additional discussion. Substantially all other revenue is recognized when products are shipped to customers.

Shipping and Handling Costs
Shipping and handling costs are included in Selling and administrative expense. Shipping expense was $174,942, $164,401, and $148,571 in fiscal 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively.

Warranty
Estimated future warranty obligations related to applicable products are provided by charges to operations in the period in which the related revenue is recognized.

Income Taxes
United States income taxes are not provided on substantially all undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries since the subsidiaries reinvest such earnings or remit them to the Company without tax consequence. Income taxes are provided and tax credits are recognized based on tax laws enacted at the dates of the financial statements.

Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share are computed based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share reflect the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock.

Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates or assumptions affect reported assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses as reflected in the financial statements. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Derivative Financial Instruments
In accordance with SFAS No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," as amended, all derivatives are recorded in the balance sheet at fair value and changes in fair value are recognized currently in earnings unless specific hedge accounting criteria are met. See Note 10 for additional discussion on financial instruments.
    Derivative financial instruments are utilized by the Company in the management of its foreign currency and interest rate exposures. The Company hedges its foreign currency exposures by entering into offsetting forward exchange contracts and currency options, when it deems appropriate. The Company also occasionally enters into interest rate swaps, interest rate caps, interest rate collars, and forward rate agreements in order to reduce the impact of fluctuating interest rates on its short-term debt and investments. In connection with issuances of long-term debt, the Company may also enter into forward rate agreements in order to protect itself from fluctuating interest rates during the period in which the sale of the debt is being arranged. The Company also occasionally enters into forward contracts in order to reduce the impact of fluctuating market values on its available-for-sale securities as defined by SFAS No. 115. The Company does not use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.
    Any deferred gains or losses associated with derivative instruments, which on infrequent occasions may be terminated prior to maturity, are recognized in income in the period in which the underlying hedged transaction is recognized. In the event a designated hedged item is sold, extinguished or matures prior to the termination of the related derivative instrument, such instrument would be closed and the resultant gain or loss would be recognized in income.

Stock-Based Compensation
Under the provisions of SFAS No. 123, "Accounting for Stock- Based Compensation," the Company accounts for stock-based employee compensation using the intrinsic value method prescribed by Accounting Principles Board Opinion ("APB") No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees," and related interpretations. Accordingly, compensation cost for stock options is measured as the excess, if any, of the quoted market price of the Company's stock at the date of the grant over the exercise price.


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