MD&A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 > North American Full-Service Lodging includes Marriott Hotels & Resorts, Marriott Conference Centers, JW Marriott Hotels & Resorts, Renaissance Hotels & Resorts, and Renaissance ClubSport. 2008 COMPARED TO 2007 In 2008, RevPAR for comparable company-operated North American full-service properties decreased by 1.6 percent to $123.98, occupancy decreased by 2.0 percentage points to 70.3 percent, and average daily rates increased by 1.2 percent to $176.30. The $59 million decrease in segment results, compared to 2007, primarily reflected a $35 million decrease in incentive management fees and a $25 million decrease in owned, leased, and other revenue net of direct expenses, partially offset by a $2 million increase in base management and franchise fees. The $35 million decrease in incentive management fees was in part due to the recognition, in 2007, of business interruption insurance proceeds totaling $12 million associated with Hurricane Katrina and also reflected lower demand and property-level margins in 2008 compared to 2007. The slight increase of $2 million in base management and franchise fees was a product of unit growth and an additional week of sales, mostly offset by lower RevPAR. The decrease in owned, leased, and other revenue net of direct expenses of $25 million primarily reflected an unfavorable $7 million impact associated with two properties undergoing renovations in 2008, $8 million of losses associated with three properties, one of which was a new property that opened in 2008, $5 million of lower contract termination fees received, $2 million of lower land rent income, and an unfavorable $3 million impact associated with one property that was sold in 2007 and is now a managed property. Cost reimbursements revenue and expenses associated with our North American Full-Service segment properties totaled $4,951 million in 2008, compared to $4,782 million in 2007. 2007 COMPARED TO 2006 In 2007, RevPAR for comparable company-operated North American full-service properties increased by 6.8 percent to $126.92, occupancy increased by 0.9 percentage points to 72.7 percent, and average daily rates increased by 5.4 percent to $174.54. The $23 million increase in segment results compared to 2006 reflects a $65 million increase in base management, incentive management, and franchise fees, partially offset by a $22 million decline in gains and other income and a $20 million decrease in owned, leased, and other revenue net of direct expenses. The $65 million increase in fees was largely due to stronger RevPAR and property-level margins, driven primarily by rate increases and productivity improvements. Incentive management fees for 2007 reflect the receipt of $12 million and base management fees for 2007 reflect the receipt of $2 million, both of which were for business interruption insurance proceeds associated with Hurricane Katrina, and no similar fees in 2006. Additionally, 2006 reflected the recognition of $3 million of base management fees that were calculated based on prior periods' results, but not earned and due until 2006, compared to the recognition of no similar fees in 2007. Gains and other income was $22 million lower in 2007, compared to 2006, and reflected a $37 million charge in 2006 associated with a straight-line rent receivable, partially offset by the redemption of preferred stock in a cost method investee that generated income of $25 million in 2006 and $34 million of lower other gains in 2007, compared to 2006. The $34 million decrease in other gains compared to the prior year reflects gains in 2006 associated with the sale of joint venture investments and real estate, while 2007 reflects limited similar activity. Owned, leased, and other revenue net of direct expenses decreased by $20 million and reflected properties sold and $10 million of hotel management and franchise agreement termination fees received in 2006, compared to $3 million of such fees received in 2007. General, administrative, and other expenses for 2007 were unchanged compared to 2006 primarily reflecting $5 million of hotel management agreement performance cure payments in 2006 offset by a guarantee charge in 2007 associated with one property and the write-off of a deferred contract acquisition cost associated with another property that left the system. Cost reimbursements revenue and expenses associated with our North American Full-Service segment properties totaled $4,782 million in 2007, compared to $4,527 million in 2006. North American Limited-Service Lodging includes Courtyard, Fairfield Inn, SpringHill Suites, Residence Inn, TownePlace Suites, and Marriott ExecuStay. 2008 COMPARED TO 2007 In 2008, RevPAR for comparable company-operated North American limited-service properties decreased by 4.2 percent to $85.83, occupancy decreased by 2.7 percentage points to 69.4 percent, and average daily rates decreased by 0.5 percent to $123.69. The $66 million decrease in segment results, compared to 2007, reflected $43 million of lower incentive management fees, $14 million of higher general, administrative, and other expenses, $13 million of lower owned, leased, corporate housing, and other revenue net of direct expenses, and $4 million of lower gains and other income, partially offset by a $10 million increase in base management and franchise fees. The $10 million increase in base management and franchise fees was largely due to unit growth, partially offset by a decrease in relicensing fees. The $43 million decrease in incentive management fees was largely due to lower property-level revenue and margins and the recognition, in 2007, of $15 million of incentive management fees that were calculated based on prior periods' results, but not earned and due until 2007. The $14 million increase in general, administrative, and other expenses reflected a $15 million charge related to a shortfall funding under a guarantee (see the "Other Charges" caption in Footnote No. 20, "Restructuring Costs and Other Charges," for more information). The $13 million decrease in owned, leased, corporate housing, and other revenue net of direct expenses primarily reflected $6 million of franchise agreement termination fees received in 2007, which were primarily associated with Fairfield Inn brand properties that left our system, and $7 million of lower income due to lower revenue and property-level margins associated with weaker demand at certain leased properties. Cost reimbursements revenue and expenses associated with our North American Limited-Service segment properties totaled $1,541 million in 2008, compared to $1,470 million in 2007. 2007 COMPARED TO 2006 In 2007, RevPAR for comparable company-operated North American limited-service properties increased by 4.8 percent to $89.18, occupancy for these properties decreased by 0.4 percentage points to 72.7 percent, and average daily rates increased by 5.4 percent to $122.63. The $81 million increase in segment results, compared to 2006, primarily reflected an $83 million increase in base management, incentive management, and franchise fees, a $5 million increase in owned, leased, and other revenue net of direct expenses, a $2 million increase in gains and other income, and a $2 million increase in joint venture equity earnings, partially offset by $11 million of higher general, administrative, and other expenses. In 2007, we recognized $15 million of incentive management fees that were calculated based on prior years' results but not earned and due until 2007 compared to the recognition of no similar fees in 2006. The additional increase in fees is largely due to higher RevPAR, driven by rate increases, which increased base management and franchise fees, and to productivity improvements, which increased property-level margins and incentive management fees. Additionally, growth in the number of rooms contributed to the increase in base management and franchise fees. The $5 million increase in owned, leased, and other revenue net of direct expenses is primarily a result of hotel franchise agreement termination fees of $6 million received in 2007, which were primarily associated with Fairfield Inn brand properties that left our system and $1 million of similar fees in 2006. The $11 million increase in general, administrative, and other expenses in 2007 primarily reflects the impact of unit growth and development and the write-off of $3 million of deferred contract acquisition costs. Cost reimbursements revenue and expenses associated with our North American Limited-Service segment properties totaled $1,470 million in 2007, compared to $1,423 million in 2006. International Lodging includes International Marriott Hotels & Resorts, International JW Marriott Hotels & Resorts, International Renaissance Hotels & Resorts, International Courtyard, International Fairfield Inn, International Residence Inn, and Marriott Executive Apartments. 2008 COMPARED TO 2007 In 2008, RevPAR for comparable company-operated international properties increased by 2.6 percent to $131.00, occupancy for these properties decreased by 2.4 percentage points to 72.5 percent, and average daily rates increased by 6.0 percent to $180.81. Results for our international operations were favorable across most regions, but weakened progressively throughout 2008 and especially in the fourth quarter. RevPAR increases compared to the prior year were strongest in the Middle East, Central and Southeast Asia, South America, and Central Europe. The $25 million decrease in segment results in 2008, compared to the prior year, primarily reflected a $32 million decrease in gains and other income, a $15 million increase in general, administrative, and other expenses, and a decrease of $5 million in joint venture equity earnings, partially offset by an $18 million increase in incentive management fees and an $11 million increase in combined base management and franchise fees. Owned, leased, and other revenue net of direct expenses remained unchanged in 2008 compared to the prior year. The increase in fees was largely due to higher RevPAR, driven by rate increases and, to a lesser extent, reflected unit growth and cost control plans, which increased property-level margins and incentive management fees. The $32 million decrease in gains and other income in 2008, compared to 2007, reflected the recognition of gains totaling $9 million in 2008, compared to gains in 2007 of $41 million. The 2007 gains primarily reflected a $10 million gain associated with the sale of a joint venture and a gain totaling $23 million associated with sales of real estate. The $15 million increase in general, administrative, and other expenses reflected higher wage and benefit costs and costs associated with unit growth and development. Joint venture equity results were lower than the prior year by $5 million primarily reflecting an unfavorable $11 million impact associated with tax law changes in a country in which two joint ventures operate, partially offset by a $5 million favorable impact associated with insurance proceeds received by one of those same joint ventures. Owned, leased, and other revenue net of direct of expenses remained unchanged and reflected $17 million of lower income, reflecting conversions from owned properties to managed properties, which was completely offset by $11 million of stronger results at some properties, $5 million of higher termination fees, and $1 million of higher branding fees. Cost reimbursements revenue and expenses associated with our International segment properties totaled $707 million in 2008, compared to $741 million in 2007. 2007 COMPARED TO 2006 In 2007, RevPAR for comparable company-operated international properties increased by 8.2 percent to $127.44, occupancy for these properties increased by 0.8 percentage points to 75.7 percent, and average daily rates increased by 7.0 percent to $168.30. Results for our international operations were strong across most regions. RevPAR increases compared to the prior year were particularly strong in Central and Southeast Asia, South America, the Middle East, and Eastern Europe. The $34 million increase in segment results in 2007 compared to 2006, reflected a $27 million increase in base management, incentive management, and franchise fees, an $11 million increase in gains and other income, and a $3 million increase in joint venture equity earnings, partially offset by $7 million of higher general, administrative, and other expenses. Incentive management fees included $2 million for 2007 that were calculated based on prior periods' earnings, but not earned and due until recognized, compared to $10 million of similar fees in 2006. The increase in fees is largely due to strong demand and higher RevPAR, driven by rate increases and favorable exchange rates. The $11 million increase in gains and other income reflected higher gains in 2007 on real estate sales, compared to the year-ago period, offset by lower gains on the sale of joint ventures. The $7 million increase in general, administrative, and other expenses from 2006 is primarily attributable to costs related to our unit growth and development. Owned, leased, and other revenue net of direct expenses remained flat primarily reflecting hotel management and franchise agreement termination fees of $8 million received in 2007 and $12 million of similar fees in 2006, entirely offset by the improved performance of our owned and leased properties in 2007. Cost reimbursements revenue and expenses associated with our International segment properties totaled $741 million in 2007, compared to $635 million in 2006. Luxury Lodging includes The Ritz-Carlton and Bulgari Hotels & Resorts. 2008 COMPARED TO 2007 In 2008, RevPAR for comparable company-operated luxury properties decreased by 0.1 percent to $225.87, occupancy for these properties decreased by 1.9 percentage points to 69.2 percent, and average daily rates increased by 2.7 percent to $326.63. The $6 million increase in segment results, compared to 2007, reflected a $7 million increase in base management and incentive management fees and $18 million of higher owned, leased, and other revenue net of direct expenses, partially offset by $8 million of increased general, administrative, and other expenses, an $8 million decrease in joint venture equity earnings, $1 million of restructuring costs recorded in 2008, (see Footnote No. 20, "Restructuring Costs and Other Charges," for additional information), and a $1 million decrease in gains and other income. The increase in fees over the year-ago period reflected new properties added to the system, partially offset by the receipt in 2007 of $5 million of business interruption insurance proceeds associated with hurricanes in prior years. The $18 million increase in owned, leased, and other revenue net of direct expenses reflected charges of $8 million in 2007 for depreciation expense associated with one property that was reclassified to "held and used," as the property no longer satisfied the criteria to be classified as "held for sale," compared to $6 million of depreciation charges for that same property in 2008, as well as expenses totaling $3 million in 2007 associated with opening a new leased property, $10 million of improved results in 2008 associated with two properties, one of which was being renovated in 2007, and $2 million of increased branding fees in 2008. The $8 million increase in general, administrative, and other expenses primarily reflected costs associated with unit growth and development as well as bad debt expense related to accounts receivable deemed uncollectible (see the "Other Charges" caption in Footnote No. 20, "Restructuring Costs and Other Charges," for more information). The $8 million decrease in joint venture equity earnings primarily reflected a $9 million impairment charge associated with a joint venture investment that we determined to be fully impaired in 2008 (see the "Other Charges" caption in Footnote No. 20, "Restructuring Costs and Other Charges," for more information). Cost reimbursements revenue and expenses associated with our Luxury segment properties totaled $1,350 million in 2008, compared to $1,307 million in 2007. 2007 COMPARED TO 2006 In 2007, RevPAR for comparable company-operated luxury properties increased by 9.4 percent to $227.87, occupancy for these properties increased by 1.8 percentage points to 72.5 percent, and average daily rates increased by 6.6 percent to $314.36. The $9 million increase in segment results, compared to 2006, reflected a $20 million increase in base management and incentive management fees, partially offset by $6 million of increased general, administrative, and other expenses, $3 million of lower owned, leased, and other revenue net of direct expenses, and $2 million of lower equity joint venture results. Fiscal year 2006 included $2 million of base management fees that were calculated based on prior periods' results, but not earned and due until 2006, compared to no similar fees in 2007. The increase in fees over the prior year reflects stronger RevPAR driven by rate increases, new properties added to the system, the receipt in 2007 of $5 million of business interruption insurance proceeds associated with hurricanes in prior years, the year-over-year favorable impact associated with the reopening, late in 2006, of two properties impacted by the same aforementioned hurricanes and increased branding fees. The $6 million increase in general, administrative, and other expenses is primarily attributable to costs related to our unit growth and development. The $3 million decrease in owned, leased, and other revenue net of direct expenses reflected charges totaling $8 million in 2007 for depreciation expense associated with one property that was reclassified to "held and used," as the property no longer satisfied the criteria to be classified as "held for sale," partially offset by a favorable $3 million impact associated with the opening of a new leased property in 2007. Cost reimbursements revenue and expenses associated with our Luxury segment properties totaled $1,307 million in 2007, compared to $1,261 million in 2006. > Back to top of page |