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1.
Company Information and Significant Accounting Policies Company
Information. Choice Hotels International, Inc. (the Company)
is in the business of hotel franchising. As of December 31, 2000,
the Company had franchise agreements with 4,392 hotels open and
703 hotels under development in 43 countries under the following
brand names: Comfort, Quality, Econo Lodge, Sleep Inn, Clarion,
Rodeway Inn, and MainStay Suites.
Principles
of Consolidation and Use of Estimates. The consolidated financial
statements include the accounts of Choice Hotels International,
Inc. and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts
and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The consolidated
financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States and require management
to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported
amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets
and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.
Actual results could differ from these estimates.
Cash and
Cash Equivalents. The Company considers all highly liquid investments
purchased with a maturity of three months or less at the date of
purchase to be cash equivalents.
Capitalization
Policies. Major renovations, replacements and interest during
construction are capitalized to appropriate property and equipment
accounts. Upon sale or retirement of property, the cost and related
accumulated depreciation are eliminated from the accounts and the
related gain or loss is taken into income. Maintenance, repairs
and minor replacements are charged to expense.
Impairment
Policy. The Company evaluates the recoverability of long-lived
assets, including franchise rights and goodwill, whenever events
or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of
an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability is measured based
on net, undiscounted expected cash flows. Assets are considered
to be impaired if the net, undiscounted expected cash flows are
less than the carrying amount of the assets. Impairment charges
are recorded based upon the difference between the carrying value
of the asset and the expected net cash flows, discounted at an appropriate
interest rate.
Deferred
Financing Costs. Debt financing costs are deferred and amortized,
using the effective interest method, over the term of the related
debt.
Investments.
The Company accounts for its investments in common stock in
accordance with Statements of Financial Accounting Standards (
SFAS) No. 115 Accounting for Certain Investments in
Debt and Equity Securities and SFAS No. 130 Reporting
Comprehensive Income. The Company accounts for its investment
in unincorporated joint ventures in accordance with Accounting Principles
Board Opinion (APB) No. 18 The Equity Method
of Accounting for Investments in Common Stock.
Revenue
Recognition. The Company enters into numerous franchise agreements
committing to provide franchisees with various marketing services,
a centralized reservation system and limited rights to utilize the
Companys registered tradenames. These agreements are typically
for a period of twenty years, with certain rights to the franchisee
to terminate after five, ten, or fifteen years. In most instances,
initial franchise fees are recognized upon sale because the initial
franchise fee is non-refundable and the Company has no continuing
obligations related to the franchisee. However, when franchise agreements
are entered into which include future potential rebates and/ or
incentive payments, the initial franchise fees are deferred and
recognized when the incentive criteria are met or the deal is terminated,
whichever occurs first. In 2000, ninety-eight franchise agreements
were entered into with incentive clauses which resulted in deferred
initial franchise fee revenue of $3.3 million. Royalty fees, primarily
based on gross room revenues of each franchisee, are recorded when
earned. Reserves for uncollectible accounts are charged to bad debt
expense and are included in selling, general and administrative
expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
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