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6. Receivable-Marketing and Reservation Fees
The Company's franchise agreements require
the payment of franchise fees which include marketing and reservation
fees. The Company is obligated to use the marketing and reservation fees
it assesses against the current franchisees comprising its various hotel
brand systems to provide marketing and reservation services appropriate
for the successful operation of the systems. In discharging its obligation
to provide sufficient and appropriate marketing and reservation services,
the Company has the right to expend funds in an amount reasonably necessary
to ensure the provision of such services, whether or not such amount is
currently available to the Company for reimbursement. The franchise agreements
provide the Company the right to advance monies to the franchise system
when the needs of the system surpass the balances currently available.
Under the terms of these agreements, the
Company has the legally enforceable right to assess and collect from its
current franchisees fees sufficient to pay for the marketing and reservation
services the Company has procured for the benefit of the franchise system,
including fees to reimburse the Company for past services rendered. The
Company has the contractual authority to require that the franchisees
in the system at any given point repay any deficits related to marketing
and reservation activities. The Company's current franchisees are legally
obliged to pay any assessment the Company imposes on its franchisees to
obtain reimbursement of such deficit regardless of whether those constituents
continue to generate gross room revenue. The Company has no present intention
to accelerate repayment of the deficit from current franchisees.
The marketing and reservation fees receivable
at December 31, 2002 and 2001 was $44.9 million and $49.4 million, respectively.
Depreciation and amortization expense attributable to marketing and reservation
activities was $13.0 million and $11.8 million for the years ended December
31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. Interest expense attributable to reservation
activities was $1.4 million and $2.0 million for the years ended December
31, 2002 and 2001, respectively.
7. Transactions with Sunburst
Effective October 15, 1997, Choice Hotels
International, Inc. ("CHI"), which at that point included both
the franchising business and owned hotel business, separated the businesses
via spin-off of the Company (the "Sunburst Distribution"). CHI
changed its name to Sunburst Hospitality Corporation (referred to hereafter
as "Sunburst"). As part of the spin-off, Sunburst and the Company
entered into a strategic alliance agreement, which was amended in December
1998 and September 2000. Among other things, the strategic alliance agreement
provides for (i) certain commitments by Sunburst for the development of
MainStay Suites hotels;
(ii) special procedures associated with liquidated damages; and (iii)
predetermined franchise fee credits based on operating performance. As
it relates to development commitments, the strategic alliance agreement
ended October 15, 2002. Liquidated damage provisions extend through the
life of existing franchise agreements. The franchise fee credit provisions
end in October 2003.
In connection with the spin-off, the Company
borrowed $115 million under its then existing credit facility in order
to fund a subordinated term note to Sunburst (the "Old Note").
In connection with an amendment of the strategic agreement discussed above,
effective October 15, 2000 interest on the Old Note accrued at a rate
of 11% per annum compounded daily. On January 1, 1999, the Company began
recognizing interest on the outstanding principal and accrued interest
amounts at an effective rate of 10.58%. The Old Note was scheduled to
mature in full, along with accrued interest, on October 15, 2002.
On September 1, 2000, Sunburst transferred
title to three MainStay Suites properties under a put/call agreement entered
into between the Company and Sunburst in March 2000. These properties
were received by the Company as consideration for $16.3 million of the
then $149 million amount due under the Old Note. The fair market value
of the MainStay Suites properties was approximately $12.2 million. Accordingly,
the Company recognized a $4.1 million pre-tax loss on the Old Note.
On September 20, 2000, the Company and
Sunburst reached agreement on the terms of a proposed restructuring of
the Old Note. Under the terms of the agreement the Company would receive
cash and a newly issued 11 3/8% seven-year subordinated note. On January
5, 2001, the Company received $101.9 million, a parcel of land valued
at approximately $1.5 million and a $35 million seven-year senior subordinated
note bearing interest at 11 3/8% (the "New Note") in settlement
of the balance of the Old Note. In 2000, the Company recognized a pre-tax
loss of $3.5 million resulting from this transaction. The New Note accrued
interest up until June 2002, at which point interest became payable semi-annually
in arrears. As of December 31, 2002, the Company's balance sheet includes
an interest receivable from Sunburst of $2.3 million which is included
in other current assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets
and was paid to the Company by Sunburst in January 2003.
The Company recognized interest income
of $4.6 million, $4.2 million and $15.2 million for years ended December
31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
During the periods presented, Sunburst
operated substantially all of its hotels pursuant to franchise agreements
with the Company. Total fees paid to the Company included in the accompanying
consolidated financial statements for franchising royalty, marketing and
reservation fees were $6.1 million, $7.8 million and $10.3 million for
the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
8. Restructuring Programs
During 2002, the Company recognized a restructuring
charge expense of $1.6 million pursuant to Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 146, "Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or
Disposal Activities."The restructuring charge related to employee
severance and termination benefits for 23 employees resulting from corporate
realignment initiatives. The restructuring was initiated and completed
in 2002. Approximately $0.3 million of the expense related to stock compensation for certain
severed employees and was credited directly to additional paid-in capital.
The Company paid approximately $0.4 million in cash related to this restructuring
during 2002 and the remaining liability of $0.9 million, included in accrued
expenses and other in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet, is
expected to be paid in cash during 2003.
During 2001, the Company recognized a restructuring
charge expense of $5.9 million, pursuant to Emerging Issues Task Force
("EITF") No. 94-3, "Liability Recognition for Certain Employee
Termination Benefits and Other Costs to Exit an Activity (including Certain
Costs Incurred in a Restructuring)". The restructuring charges include
$5.3 million related to a corporate realignment designed to increase its
strategic focus on delivering value-added services to franchisees, including
centralizing the Company's franchise service and sales operations, consolidating
its brand management functions and realigning its call center operations.
Of this $5.3 million, $5.1 million relates to severance and termination benefits for 64 employees
(consisting of brand management and new hotels support, reservation sales
and administrative personnel and franchise sales and operations support)
and $0.2 million relates to the cancellation of preexisting contracts
for termination of domestic leases. The remaining $0.6 million of the
$5.9 million is due to exit costs related to the termination of a corporate
hotel construction project. Through December 31, 2002, the Company has
paid cash of $4.4 million related to this restructuring. Approximately
$0.9 million of the expense related to stock compensation for certain
severed employees was reclassified from the restructuring liability during
2002 to additional paid-in capital. As of December 31, 2002, a $0.6 million
liability is included in accrued expenses and other on the accompanying
consolidated balance sheet. The Company expects the remaining liability
to be substantially paid in 2003.
During 2000, the Company recognized a restructuring
charge expense of $5.6 million, pursuant to Emerging Issues Task Force
("EITF") No. 94-3, "Liability Recognition for Certain Employee
Termination Benefits and Other Costs to Exit an Activity (including Certain
Costs Incurred in a Restructuring)". The restructuring charges include
$4.7 million related to a corporate-wide reorganization to improve service
and support to the Company's franchisees and to create a more competitive
overhead structure. Of this $4.7 million, $4.1 million relates to severance
and termination benefits for 176 employees (consisting of property and
yield management system installers, reservation agents and field service
administrative support) and $0.6 million relates to the cancellation of
pre-existing contracts for termination of international leases. The remaining
$0.9 million of the $5.6 million is due to the termination of an in-room
internet initiative launched in 1999. The Company paid $0.2 million related
to the 2000 restructuring liability for the year ended December 31, 2002,
which completed the restructuring.
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