Management's Discussion and Analysis
Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R), these tax benefits had been reflected as cash from operations. The prior year cash flow statement has not been restated. This excess tax benefit was $9.5 million, $13.8 million and $20.6 million for 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
In March 2005, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 47 (FIN 47), "Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations." We adopted FIN 47 in 2006 and there was no material effect upon adoption.
In November 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 151, "Inventory Costs," which was adopted in the first quarter of our 2006 fiscal year. There was no material effect upon adoption of this statement.
Critical Accounting Estimates and Assumptions
In preparing the financial statements in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), we are required to make estimates and assumptions that have an impact on the assets, liabilities, revenue and expense amounts reported. These estimates can also affect supplemental information disclosed by us, including information about contingencies, risk and financial condition. We believe, given current facts and circumstances, our estimates and assumptions are reasonable, adhere to GAAP and are consistently applied. Inherent in the nature of an estimate or assumption is the fact that actual results may differ from estimates and estimates may vary as new facts and circumstances arise. In preparing the financial statements, we make routine estimates and judgments in determining the net realizable value of accounts receivable, inventory, fixed assets and prepaid allowances. We believe our most critical accounting estimates and assumptions are in the following areas:
Customer Contracts
In several of our major markets, the consumer business sells our products by entering into annual or multi-year contracts with our customers. These contracts include provisions for items such as sales discounts, marketing allowances and performance incentives. The discounts, allowances and incentives are expensed based on certain estimated criteria such as sales volume of indirect customers, customers reaching anticipated volume thresholds and marketing spending. We routinely review these criteria and make adjustments as facts and circumstances change.
Goodwill and Intangible Asset Valuation
We review the carrying value of goodwill and non-amortizable intangible assets and conduct tests of impairment on an annual basis by comparing the fair value with its carrying value. We will also test for impairment if events or circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit or the non-amortizable intangible asset is below its carrying amount.
Goodwill Impairment
We have concluded that our reporting units are the same as our business segments utilizing the guidance under SFAS No.142. We calculate fair value by using a discounted cash flow model for the reporting unit and then compare that to the carrying amount of the reporting unit, including intangible assets and goodwill. An impairment charge would be recognized to the extent the carrying amount exceeds the estimated fair value. As of November 30, 2006, we have $803.8 million of goodwill recorded in our balance sheet. Our testing indicates that the current fair values of our reporting units are significantly in excess of carrying values and accordingly management believes that only significant changes in the cash flow assumptions would result in an impairment of goodwill.
Non-Amortizable Intangible Asset Impairment
Our non-amortizable intangible assets consist of brand names and trademarks. We calculate fair value by using a discounted cash flow model and then compare that to the carrying amount of the non-amortizable intangible asset. As of November 30, 2006, we have $169.3 million of brand name assets and trademarks recorded in our balance sheet and none of the balances exceed their estimated fair values. We intend to continue to support our brand names. The fair value of non-amortizable intangible assets are sensitive to the assumption of future sales derived from the intangible asset and changes in discount rates used in the cash flow model.