MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
(continued)
Geographic Regions
Net sales in the Americas increased 4%, or $150.6 million, to $3,711.5 million, primarily reflecting net sales growth in Canada and Latin America, as well as the addition of the Ojon brand, of approximately $98 million, combined. Additional net sales increases of approximately $65 million were attributable to our designer fragrances business and our makeup artist and hair care brands in the United States. Partially offsetting this growth was approximately $37 million related to weaknesses in certain of our core brands in the United States as a result of competitive pressures and challenges in the department store channel. We believe that economic uncertainty in the United States has affected our business, particularly in the department store channel. These challenges have been mitigated through sales in alternative channels, such as freestanding retail stores, internet distribution, self-select distribution and direct-response television. Excluding the impact of foreign currency translation, net sales in the Americas increased 3%.
All countries in Europe, the Middle East & Africa experienced net sales growth, which contributed to the increase in net sales of 21%, or $513.3 million, to $3,006.7 million, although net sales growth rates slowed in certain key countries. This growth was led by our travel retail business and the United Kingdom, as well as in Russia, which benefited from our expansion in this emerging market. The results in this region were inclusive of an exchange rate benefit due to the weakening of the U.S. dollar of approximately $206 million. Excluding the impact of foreign currency translation, net sales in Europe, the Middle East & Africa increased 12%.
Net sales in Asia/Pacific increased 21%, or $209.4 million, to $1,192.6 million, reflecting growth from all countries in the region. This increase reflected higher net sales of approximately $172 million in China, Japan, Hong Kong, Australia and Korea. The results in this region were inclusive of an exchange rate benefit due to the weakening of the U.S. dollar of approximately $66 million. Excluding the impact of foreign currency translation, Asia/Pacific net sales increased 15%.
We strategically stagger our new product launches by geographic market, which may account for differences in regional sales growth.
COST OF SALES
Cost of sales as a percentage of total net sales was 25.2%, which is the same as the prior year. Cost of sales as a percentage of net sales reflected a decrease in the level and timing of promotional activities of approximately 20 basis points and a positive effect of exchange rates of approximately 10 basis points. Offsetting these improvements was an unfavorable change in the mix of our business, an increase in obsolescence charges, and employee-related charges designed to streamline certain business activities and achieve future cost savings of approximately 10 basis points, each.
Despite the rise in energy and raw material prices in the current year, we were able to maintain our overall cost of goods margin through other efficiencies achieved from ongoing savings initiatives. While sustained energy and raw material price increases could result in higher costs, we believe that this will not have a material adverse effect on our cost of sales margin in the near future.
Since certain promotional activities are a component of sales or cost of sales and the timing and level of promotions vary with our promotional calendar, we have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, fluctuations in the cost of sales percentage. In addition, future cost of sales mix may be impacted by the inclusion of new brands which have margin and product cost structures different from those of our existing brands.
OPERATING EXPENSES
Operating expenses increased to 64.5% of net sales as compared with 64.1% of net sales in the prior year. The increase in operating expenses and operating expense margin reflected higher costs of global information technology systems and infrastructure of approximately 30 basis points. An additional 20 basis points resulted from an increase in valuation reserves reflecting the diminishing likelihood of realizing value from a promissory note and convertible preferred stock received in connection with the divestiture of Stila in fiscal 2006. We also recorded an increase in intangible asset amortization resulting from recent strategic acquisitions, as well as employee-related charges designed to streamline certain business activities and achieve future cost savings, of approximately 10 basis points each. Operating expense margin in the prior year was adversely impacted by charges related to our pharmacy channel of approximately 40 basis points.
Changes in advertising, merchandising and sampling spending result from the type, timing and level of activities related to product launches and rollouts, as well as the markets being emphasized.
OPERATING RESULTS
Operating income increased 8%, or $60.8 million, to $810.7 million as compared with the prior year. Operating margin declined to 10.3% of net sales as compared with 10.7% in the prior year, reflecting our constant cost of sales margin and the increase in our operating expense margin, as previously discussed.
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